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                    Hashing
            
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                    ECCV 2016 Hydra CCNN
            
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                    线性模型
            
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                    贝叶斯分类器
            
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                    集成学习
            
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                    聚类
            
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                    降维与度量学习
            
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                    特征选择与稀疏学习
            
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                    计算学习理论
            
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                    半监督学习
            
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                    概率图模型
            
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                    规则学习
            
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                    附录
            
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<h2 id="&#x7B2C;15&#x7AE0;-&#x89C4;&#x5219;&#x5B66;&#x4E60;">&#x7B2C;15&#x7AE0; &#x89C4;&#x5219;&#x5B66;&#x4E60;</h2>
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<p>&#x673A;&#x5668;&#x5B66;&#x4E60;&#x4E2D;&#x7684; &#x201C;&#x89C4;&#x5219;&#x201D; &#x901A;&#x5E38;&#x662F;&#x6307;&#x8BED;&#x4E49;&#x660E;&#x786E;&#x3001;&#x80FD;&#x63CF;&#x8FF0;&#x6570;&#x636E;&#x5206;&#x5E03;&#x6240;&#x9690;&#x542B;&#x7684;&#x5BA2;&#x89C2;&#x89C4;&#x5F8B;&#x6216;&#x9886;&#x57DF;&#x7684;&#x6982;&#x5FF5;&#x3001;&#x53EF;&#x5199;&#x6210; &#x201C;&#x82E5;&#x2026;&#x2026;&#xFF0C;&#x5219;&#x2026;&#x2026;&#x201D; &#x5F62;&#x5F0F;&#x7684;&#x903B;&#x8F91;&#x89C4;&#x5219;&#x3002;</p>
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<li><p>Page347: &#x89C4;&#x5219;&#x5B66;&#x4E60;&#xFF08;rule learning&#xFF09;</p>
<p>&#x89C4;&#x5219;&#x5B66;&#x4E60;&#x662F;&#x4ECE;&#x8BAD;&#x7EC3;&#x6570;&#x636E;&#x4E2D;&#x5B66;&#x4E60;&#x51FA;&#x4E00;&#x7EC4;&#x80FD;&#x7528;&#x4E8E;&#x5BF9;&#x672A;&#x89C1;&#x793A;&#x4F8B;&#x8FDB;&#x884C;&#x5224;&#x522B;&#x7684;&#x89C4;&#x5219;&#x3002;</p>
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<li><p>Page347: &#x903B;&#x8F91;&#x6587;&#x5B57;&#xFF08;literal&#xFF09;</p>
<p>&#x5728;&#x6570;&#x7406;&#x903B;&#x8F91;&#x4E2D;&#xFF0C;&#x201C;&#x6587;&#x5B57;&#x201D; &#x4E13;&#x6307;&#x539F;&#x5B50;&#x516C;&#x5F0F;&#xFF08;atom&#xFF09;&#x53CA;&#x5176;&#x5426;&#x5B9A;&#x3002;</p>
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</li>
<li><p>Page348: &#x4F18;&#x5148;&#x7EA7;&#x89C4;&#x5219;&#xFF08;priority rule&#xFF09;</p>
<p>&#x540C; &#x201C;&#x5E26;&#x5E8F;&#x89C4;&#x5219;&#x201D;</p>
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<li><p>Page348: &#x5143;&#x89C4;&#x5219;&#xFF08;meta-rule&#xFF09;</p>
<p>&#x5173;&#x4E8E;&#x89C4;&#x5219;&#x7684;&#x89C4;&#x5219;&#x3002;</p>
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<li><p>Page348: &#x9ED8;&#x8BA4;&#x89C4;&#x5219;&#xFF08;default rule&#xFF09;</p>
<p>&#x89C4;&#x5219;&#x5B66;&#x4E60;&#x7B97;&#x6CD5;&#x901A;&#x5E38;&#x4F1A;&#x8BBE;&#x7F6E;&#x4E00;&#x6761; &#x201C;&#x9ED8;&#x8BA4;&#x89C4;&#x5219;&#x201D;&#xFF08;default rule&#xFF09;&#x6765;&#x5904;&#x7406;&#x89C4;&#x5219;&#x96C6;&#x5408;&#x672A;&#x8986;&#x76D6;&#x7684;&#x6837;&#x672C;&#x3002;</p>
</li>
<li><p>Page348: &#x7F3A;&#x7701;&#x89C4;&#x5219;</p>
<p>&#x540C; &#x201C;&#x9ED8;&#x8BA4;&#x89C4;&#x5219;&#x201D;&#xFF0C;&#x53EF;&#x8BA4;&#x4E3A;&#x662F;&#x4E00;&#x79CD;&#x7279;&#x6B8A;&#x7684;&#x5143;&#x89C4;&#x5219;&#x3002;</p>
</li>
<li><p>Page348: &#x547D;&#x9898;&#x89C4;&#x5219;&#xFF08;propositional rule&#xFF09;</p>
<p>&#x7531; &#x201C;&#x539F;&#x5B50;&#x547D;&#x9898;&#x201D;&#xFF08;propositional atom&#xFF09;&#x548C;&#x903B;&#x8F91;&#x8FDE;&#x63A5;&#x8BCD; &#x201C;&#x4E0E;&#x201D;&#xFF08;&#x2227;&#xFF09;&#x3001;&#x201C;&#x6216;&#x201D;&#xFF08;&#x2228;&#xFF09;&#x3001;&#x201C;&#x975E;&#x201D;&#xFF08;&#xFFE2;&#xFF09;&#x548C; &#x201C;&#x8574;&#x542B;&#x201D;&#xFF08;&#x2190;&#xFF09;&#x6784;&#x6210;&#x7684;&#x7B80;&#x5355;&#x9648;&#x8FF0;&#x53E5;&#x3002;</p>
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<li><p>Page348: &#x539F;&#x5B50;&#x547D;&#x9898;</p>
<p>&#x6700;&#x57FA;&#x672C;&#x7684;&#x547D;&#x9898;&#xFF0C;&#x4E0D;&#x542B;&#x903B;&#x8F91;&#x8FDE;&#x63A5;&#x8BCD;&#x7684;&#x903B;&#x8F91;&#x6587;&#x5B57;&#x3002;</p>
</li>
<li><p>Page348: &#x4E00;&#x9636;&#x89C4;&#x5219;</p>
<p>&#x4E5F;&#x88AB;&#x79F0;&#x4E3A; &#x201C;&#x5173;&#x7CFB;&#x578B;&#x89C4;&#x5219;&#x201D;&#xFF08;relational rule&#xFF09;&#xFF0C;&#x57FA;&#x672C;&#x6210;&#x5206;&#x662F;&#x80FD;&#x63CF;&#x8FF0;&#x4E8B;&#x7269;&#x7684;&#x5C5E;&#x6027;&#x6216;&#x5173;&#x7CFB;&#x7684; &#x201C;&#x539F;&#x5B50;&#x516C;&#x5F0F;&#x201D;&#xFF08;atomic formula&#xFF09;&#xFF0C;&#x4F8B;&#x5982;&#x8868;&#x8FBE;&#x7236;&#x5B50;&#x5173;&#x7CFB;&#x7684;&#x8C13;&#x8BCD;&#xFF08;predicate&#xFF09;&#x201C;&#x7236;&#x4EB2;&#xFF08;X,Y&#xFF09;&#x201D; &#x5C31;&#x662F;&#x539F;&#x5B50;&#x516C;&#x5F0F;&#x3002; &#x5982;&#x679C;&#x8FDB;&#x4E00;&#x6B65;&#x7528;&#x8C13;&#x8BCD; &#x201C;&#x81EA;&#x7136;&#x6570;&#xFF08;X)&#x201D; &#x8868;&#x793A; X &#x662F;&#x81EA;&#x7136;&#x6570;&#xFF0C;&#x90A3;&#x4E48; &#x201C;&#x6240;&#x6709;&#x81EA;&#x7136;&#x6570;&#x52A0; 1 &#x90FD;&#x662F;&#x81EA;&#x7136;&#x6570;&#x201D; &#x5C31;&#x53EF;&#x5199;&#x4F5C; &#x201C;&#x2200;X&#x2203;Y&#xFF08;&#x81EA;&#x7136;&#x6570;(Y) &#x2190; &#x81EA;&#x7136;&#x6570;(X)&#x2227;(Y=&#x3B4;(X)&#xFF09;&#x201D;&#xFF0C;&#x6216;&#x66F4;&#x7B80;&#x6D01;&#x7684; &#x201C;&#x2200;X(&#x81EA;&#x7136;&#x6570;(&#x3B4;(X)) &#x2190; &#x81EA;&#x7136;&#x6570;(X))&#x201D;&#x3002;&#x8FD9;&#x6837;&#x7684;&#x89C4;&#x5219;&#x5C31;&#x662F;&#x4E00;&#x9636;&#x89C4;&#x5219;&#x3002;&#x5176;&#x4E2D; X &#x548C; Y &#x79F0;&#x4E3A;&#x903B;&#x8F91;&#x53D8;&#x91CF;&#xFF0C;&#x201C;&#x2200;&#x201D; &#x201C;&#x2203;&#x201D; &#x5206;&#x522B;&#x8868;&#x793A; &#x201C;&#x4EFB;&#x610F;&#x201D; &#x548C; &#x201C;&#x5B58;&#x5728;&#x201D;&#xFF0C;&#x7528;&#x4E8E;&#x9650;&#x5B9A;&#x53D8;&#x91CF;&#x7684;&#x53D6;&#x503C;&#x8303;&#x56F4;&#xFF0C;&#x79F0;&#x4E3A; &#x201C;&#x91CF;&#x8BCD;&#x201D;&#xFF08;quantifier&#xFF09;&#x3002; &#x4ECE;&#x5F62;&#x5F0F;&#x8BED;&#x8A00;&#x7CFB;&#x7EDF;&#x7684;&#x89D2;&#x5EA6;&#x770B;&#xFF0C;&#x547D;&#x9898;&#x89C4;&#x5219;&#x662F;&#x4E00;&#x9636;&#x89C4;&#x5219;&#x7684;&#x7279;&#x4F8B;&#x3002;</p>
</li>
<li><p>Page349: &#x5E8F;&#x8D2F;&#x8986;&#x76D6;&#xFF08;sequential covering&#xFF09;</p>
<p>&#x89C4;&#x5219;&#x5B66;&#x4E60;&#x7684;&#x76EE;&#x6807;&#x662F;&#x4EA7;&#x751F;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x80FD;&#x8986;&#x76D6;&#x5C3D;&#x53EF;&#x80FD;&#x591A;&#x7684;&#x6837;&#x4F8B;&#x7684;&#x89C4;&#x5219;&#x96C6;&#x3002;&#x6700;&#x76F4;&#x63A5;&#x7684;&#x505A;&#x6CD5;&#x662F; &#x201C;&#x5E8F;&#x8D2F;&#x8986;&#x76D6;&#x201D;&#xFF08;sequential covering&#xFF09;&#xFF0C;&#x5373;&#x9010;&#x6761;&#x5F52;&#x7EB3;&#xFF1A;&#x5728;&#x8BAD;&#x7EC3;&#x96C6;&#x4E0A;&#x6BCF;&#x5B66;&#x5230;&#x4E00;&#x6761;&#x89C4;&#x5219;&#xFF0C;&#x5C31;&#x5C06;&#x8BE5;&#x89C4;&#x5219;&#x8986;&#x76D6;&#x7684;&#x8BAD;&#x7EC3;&#x6837;&#x4F8B;&#x53BB;&#x9664;&#xFF0C;&#x7136;&#x540E;&#x4EE5;&#x5269;&#x4E0B;&#x7684;&#x8BAD;&#x7EC3;&#x6837;&#x4F8B;&#x7EC4;&#x6210;&#x8BAD;&#x7EC3;&#x96C6;&#x91CD;&#x590D;&#x4E0A;&#x8FF0;&#x8FC7;&#x7A0B;&#x3002; &#x7531;&#x4E8E;&#x6BCF;&#x6B21;&#x53EA;&#x5904;&#x7406;&#x4E00;&#x90E8;&#x5206;&#x6570;&#x636E;&#xFF0C;&#x56E0;&#x6B64;&#x4E5F;&#x88AB;&#x79F0;&#x4E3A; &#x201C;&#x5206;&#x6CBB;&#x201D;&#xFF08;separate-and-conquer&#xFF09;&#x7B56;&#x7565;&#x3002;</p>
</li>
<li><p>Page350: &#x7279;&#x5316;&#xFF08;specialization&#xFF09;</p>
<p>&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x5E8F;&#x8D2F;&#x8986;&#x76D6;&#x6CD5;&#x65F6;&#xFF0C;&#x5728;&#x5C5E;&#x6027;&#x548C;&#x5019;&#x9009;&#x503C;&#x8F83;&#x591A;&#x65F6;&#x4F1A;&#x7531;&#x4E8E;&#x7EC4;&#x5408;&#x7206;&#x70B8;&#x800C;&#x4E0D;&#x53EF;&#x884C;&#x3002;&#x73B0;&#x5B9E;&#x4EFB;&#x52A1;&#x4E2D;&#x4E00;&#x822C;&#x6709;&#x4E24;&#x79CD;&#x7B56;&#x7565;&#x6765;&#x4EA7;&#x751F;&#x89C4;&#x5219;&#x3002;&#x5176;&#x4E2D;&#x4E00;&#x79CD;&#x662F; &#x201C;&#x81EA;&#x9876;&#x5411;&#x4E0B;&#x201D;&#xFF08;top-down&#xFF09;&#xFF0C;&#x5373;&#x4ECE;&#x6BD4;&#x8F83;&#x4E00;&#x822C;&#x7684;&#x89C4;&#x5219;&#x5F00;&#x59CB;&#xFF0C;&#x9010;&#x6E10;&#x6DFB;&#x52A0;&#x65B0;&#x6587;&#x5B57;&#x4EE5;&#x7F29;&#x5C0F;&#x89C4;&#x5219;&#x8986;&#x76D6;&#x8303;&#x56F4;&#xFF0C;&#x76F4;&#x5230;&#x6EE1;&#x8DB3;&#x9884;&#x5B9A;&#x6761;&#x4EF6;&#x4E3A;&#x6B62;&#xFF1B;&#x4EA6;&#x79F0;&#x4E3A; &#x201C;&#x751F;&#x6210;-&#x6D4B;&#x8BD5;&#x201D;&#xFF08;generate-then-test&#xFF09;&#x6CD5;&#xFF0C;&#x8FD9;&#x4E2A;&#x8FC7;&#x7A0B;&#x5C31;&#x662F;&#x89C4;&#x5219;&#x9010;&#x6E10; &#x201C;&#x7279;&#x5316;&#x201D;&#xFF08;specialization&#xFF09;&#x7684;&#x8FC7;&#x7A0B;&#x3002;&#x8FD9;&#x79CD;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x901A;&#x5E38;&#x66F4;&#x5BB9;&#x6613;&#x4EA7;&#x751F;&#x6CDB;&#x5316;&#x6027;&#x80FD;&#x8F83;&#x597D;&#x7684;&#x89C4;&#x5219;&#xFF0C;&#x4E5F;&#x662F;&#x901A;&#x5E38;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x7684;&#x4E00;&#x79CD;&#x7B56;&#x7565;&#x3002;</p>
</li>
<li><p>Page350: &#x6CDB;&#x5316;&#xFF08;generalization&#xFF09;</p>
<p>&#x53E6;&#x4E00;&#x79CD;&#x4EA7;&#x751F;&#x7B56;&#x7565;&#x7684;&#x89C4;&#x5219;&#x662F; &#x201C;&#x81EA;&#x5E95;&#x5411;&#x4E0A;&#x201D;&#xFF08;bottom-up&#xFF09;&#xFF0C;&#x5373;&#x4ECE;&#x6BD4;&#x8F83;&#x7279;&#x6B8A;&#x7684;&#x89C4;&#x5219;&#x5F00;&#x59CB;&#xFF0C;&#x9010;&#x6E10;&#x5220;&#x9664;&#x6587;&#x5B57;&#x4EE5;&#x6269;&#x5927;&#x89C4;&#x5219;&#x8986;&#x76D6;&#x8303;&#x56F4;&#xFF0C;&#x76F4;&#x5230;&#x6EE1;&#x8DB3;&#x6761;&#x4EF6;&#x4E3A;&#x6B62;&#xFF1B;&#x4EA6;&#x79F0;&#x4E3A; &#x201C;&#x6570;&#x636E;&#x9A71;&#x52A8;&#x201D;&#xFF08;data-driven&#xFF09;&#x6CD5;&#xFF0C;&#x8FD9;&#x4E2A;&#x8FC7;&#x7A0B;&#x5C31;&#x662F;&#x89C4;&#x5219;&#x9010;&#x6E10; &#x201C;&#x6CDB;&#x5316;&#x201D;&#xFF08;generalization&#xFF09;&#x7684;&#x8FC7;&#x7A0B;&#x3002;&#x9002;&#x7528;&#x4E8E;&#x8BAD;&#x7EC3;&#x6837;&#x672C;&#x8F83;&#x5C11;&#x7684;&#x60C5;&#x5F62;&#xFF1B;&#x901A;&#x5E38;&#x5728;&#x4E00;&#x9636;&#x89C4;&#x5219;&#x5B66;&#x4E60;&#x8FD9;&#x7C7B;&#x5047;&#x8BBE;&#x7A7A;&#x95F4;&#x975E;&#x5E38;&#x590D;&#x6742;&#x7684;&#x4EFB;&#x52A1;&#x4E0A;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x8F83;&#x591A;&#x3002;</p>
</li>
<li><p>Page352: &#x4F3C;&#x7136;&#x7387;&#xFF08;Likelihood Ratio Statistics&#xFF0C;LRS&#xFF09;</p>
<p>&#x7528;&#x4E8E;&#x5728;&#x5DF2;&#x77E5;&#x67D0;&#x4E9B;&#x89C2;&#x6D4B;&#x6570;&#x636E;&#x65F6;&#xFF0C;&#x5BF9;&#x5176;&#x53C2;&#x6570;&#x8FDB;&#x884C;&#x4F30;&#x8BA1;&#xFF0C;&#x662F;&#x5173;&#x4E8E;&#x6A21;&#x578B;&#x53C2;&#x6570;&#x7684;&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#x3002;&#x5728;&#x89C4;&#x5219;&#x5B66;&#x4E60;&#x4E2D;&#xFF0C;&#x5B83;&#x8861;&#x91CF;&#x4E86;&#x89C4;&#x5219;&#xFF08;&#x96C6;&#xFF09;&#x8986;&#x76D6;&#x6837;&#x4F8B;&#x7684;&#x5206;&#x5E03;&#x4E0E;&#x8BAD;&#x7EC3;&#x96C6;&#x7ECF;&#x9A8C;&#x5206;&#x5E03;&#x7684;&#x5DEE;&#x522B;&#x3002;LRS &#x8D8A;&#x5927;&#xFF0C;&#x8BF4;&#x660E;&#x91C7;&#x7528;&#x89C4;&#x5219;&#xFF08;&#x96C6;&#xFF09;&#x8FDB;&#x884C;&#x9884;&#x6D4B;&#x4E0E;&#x76F4;&#x63A5;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x8BAD;&#x7EC3;&#x96C6;&#x6B63;&#x3001;&#x53CD;&#x4F8B;&#x6BD4;&#x7387;&#x8FDB;&#x884C;&#x731C;&#x6D4B;&#x7684;&#x5DEE;&#x522B;&#x8D8A;&#x5927;&#xFF1B;LRS &#x8D8A;&#x5C0F;&#xFF0C;&#x8BF4;&#x660E;&#x89C4;&#x5219;&#xFF08;&#x96C6;&#xFF09;&#x7684;&#x6548;&#x679C;&#x8D8A;&#x53EF;&#x80FD;&#x4EC5;&#x662F;&#x5076;&#x7136;&#x73B0;&#x8C61;&#x3002;</p>
</li>
<li><p>Page353: RIPPER&#xFF08;Repeated Incremental Pruning to Produce Error Reduction&#xFF09;</p>
<p>&#x4E00;&#x79CD;&#x8457;&#x540D;&#x7684;&#x89C4;&#x5219;&#x5B66;&#x4E60;&#x7B97;&#x6CD5;&#xFF0C;&#x5B83;&#x9996;&#x5148;&#x4F7F;&#x7528; IREP* &#x526A;&#x679D;&#x673A;&#x5236;&#x751F;&#x6210;&#x89C4;&#x5219;&#x96C6; <script type="math/tex; ">\mathcal{R}</script>&#xFF0C;&#x5BF9; <script type="math/tex; ">\mathcal{R}</script> &#x4E2D;&#x7684;&#x6BCF;&#x6761;&#x89C4;&#x5219; <script type="math/tex; ">r_i</script> &#x4EA7;&#x751F;&#x4E24;&#x4E2A;&#x53D8;&#x4F53;&#xFF1A;</p>
<ul>
<li><script type="math/tex; ">r'_i</script>: &#x57FA;&#x4E8E; <script type="math/tex; ">r_i</script> &#x8986;&#x76D6;&#x7684;&#x6837;&#x4F8B;&#xFF0C;&#x7528; IREP* &#x91CD;&#x65B0;&#x751F;&#x6210;&#x4E00;&#x6761;&#x89C4;&#x5219; <script type="math/tex; ">r'_i</script>&#xFF0C;&#x8BE5;&#x89C4;&#x5219;&#x79F0;&#x4E3A;&#x66FF;&#x6362;&#x89C4;&#x5219;&#xFF08;replacement rule&#xFF09;&#xFF1B;</li>
<li><script type="math/tex; ">r''_i</script>: &#x57FA;&#x4E8E; <script type="math/tex; ">r_i</script> &#x589E;&#x52A0;&#x6587;&#x5B57;&#x8FDB;&#x884C;&#x7279;&#x5316;&#xFF0C;&#x7136;&#x540E;&#x518D;&#x7528; IREP* &#x526A;&#x679D;&#x751F;&#x6210;&#x4E00;&#x6761;&#x89C4;&#x5219; <script type="math/tex; ">r''_i</script>&#xFF0C;&#x8BE5;&#x89C4;&#x5219;&#x79F0;&#x4E3A;&#x4FEE;&#x8BA2;&#x89C4;&#x5219;&#xFF08;revised rule&#xFF09;&#x3002;</li>
</ul>
<p>&#x63A5;&#x4E0B;&#x6765;&#xFF0C;&#x628A; <script type="math/tex; ">r'_i</script> &#x548C; <script type="math/tex; ">r''_i</script> &#x5206;&#x522B;&#x4E0E; <script type="math/tex; ">\mathcal{R}</script> &#x4E2D;&#x9664; <script type="math/tex; ">r_i</script> &#x4E4B;&#x5916;&#x7684;&#x89C4;&#x5219;&#x653E;&#x5728;&#x4E00;&#x8D77;&#xFF0C;&#x7EC4;&#x6210;&#x89C4;&#x5219;&#x96C6; <script type="math/tex; ">\mathcal{R'}</script> &#x548C; <script type="math/tex; ">\mathcal{R''}</script>&#xFF0C;&#x5C06;&#x5B83;&#x4EEC;&#x4E0E; <script type="math/tex; ">\mathcal{R}</script> &#x4E00;&#x8D77;&#x8FDB;&#x884C;&#x6BD4;&#x8F83;&#xFF0C;&#x9009;&#x62E9;&#x6700;&#x4F18;&#x7684;&#x89C4;&#x5219;&#x96C6;&#x4FDD;&#x7559;&#x4E0B;&#x6765;&#x3002; RIPPER &#x5C06; <script type="math/tex; ">\mathcal{R}</script> &#x4E2D;&#x7684;&#x6240;&#x6709;&#x89C4;&#x5219;&#x653E;&#x5728;&#x4E00;&#x8D77;&#x91CD;&#x65B0;&#x52A0;&#x4EE5;&#x4F18;&#x5316;&#xFF0C;&#x907F;&#x514D;&#x4E86;&#x6700;&#x521D;&#x6309;&#x5E8F;&#x751F;&#x6210;&#x65F6;&#xFF0C;&#x6BCF;&#x6761;&#x89C4;&#x5219;&#x6CA1;&#x6709;&#x5BF9;&#x5176;&#x540E;&#x4EA7;&#x751F;&#x7684;&#x89C4;&#x5219;&#x52A0;&#x4EE5;&#x8003;&#x8651;&#x5E38;&#x5E38;&#x5BFC;&#x81F4;&#x7B97;&#x6CD5;&#x9677;&#x5165;&#x5C40;&#x90E8;&#x6700;&#x4F18;&#x7684;&#x95EE;&#x9898;&#x3002;</p>
</li>
<li><p>Page357: ILP(364)&#xFF08;Inductive Logic Programming&#xFF0C;&#x5F52;&#x7EB3;&#x903B;&#x8F91;&#x7A0B;&#x5E8F;&#x8BBE;&#x8BA1;&#xFF09;</p>
<p>&#x5F52;&#x7EB3;&#x903B;&#x8F91;&#x7A0B;&#x5E8F;&#x8BBE;&#x8BA1;&#x5728;&#x4E00;&#x9636;&#x89C4;&#x5219;&#x5B66;&#x4E60;&#x4E2D;&#x5F15;&#x5165;&#x4E86;&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#x548C;&#x903B;&#x8F91;&#x8868;&#x8FBE;&#x5F0F;&#x5D4C;&#x5957;&#x3002;&#x4E00;&#x65B9;&#x9762;&#xFF0C;&#x8FD9;&#x4F7F;&#x5F97;&#x673A;&#x5668;&#x5B66;&#x4E60;&#x7CFB;&#x7EDF;&#x5177;&#x5907;&#x4E86;&#x66F4;&#x4E3A;&#x5F3A;&#x5927;&#x7684;&#x8868;&#x8FBE;&#x80FD;&#x529B;&#xFF1B;&#x53E6;&#x4E00;&#x65B9;&#x9762; ILP &#x53EF;&#x770B;&#x4F5C;&#x7528;&#x673A;&#x5668;&#x5B66;&#x4E60;&#x6280;&#x672F;&#x6765;&#x89E3;&#x51B3;&#x57FA;&#x4E8E;&#x80CC;&#x666F;&#x77E5;&#x8BC6;&#x7684;&#x903B;&#x8F91;&#x7A0B;&#x5E8F;&#xFF08;logic program&#xFF09;&#x5F52;&#x7EB3;&#xFF0C;&#x5176;&#x5B66;&#x5F97;&#x7684; &#x201C;&#x89C4;&#x5219;&#x201D; &#x53EF;&#x88AB; PROLOG &#x7B49;&#x903B;&#x8F91;&#x7A0B;&#x5E8F;&#x8BBE;&#x8BA1;&#x8BED;&#x8A00;&#x76F4;&#x63A5;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x3002;</p>
</li>
<li><p>Page357: &#x5F52;&#x7EB3;&#x903B;&#x8F91;&#x7A0B;&#x5E8F;&#x8BBE;&#x8BA1;(364)</p>
<p>&#x540C; ILP&#x3002;</p>
</li>
<li><p>Page358: &#x6700;&#x5C0F;&#x4E00;&#x822C;&#x6CDB;&#x5316;&#xFF08;Least General Generalization&#xFF09;</p>
<p>&#x81EA;&#x5E95;&#x5411;&#x4E0A;&#x7684;&#x89C4;&#x5219;&#x751F;&#x6210;&#x7B56;&#x7565;&#x4E2D;&#xFF0C;&#x5C06; &#x201C;&#x7279;&#x6B8A;&#x201D; &#x89C4;&#x5219;&#x8F6C;&#x53D8;&#x4E3A;&#x66F4; &#x201C;&#x4E00;&#x822C;&#x201D; &#x89C4;&#x5219;&#x7684;&#x6280;&#x672F;&#x53EB; &#x201C;&#x6700;&#x5C0F;&#x4E00;&#x822C;&#x6CDB;&#x5316;&#x201D;&#xFF08;Least General Generalization&#xFF0C;&#x7B80;&#x79F0; LGG&#xFF09;&#x3002; &#x7ED9;&#x5B9A;&#x4E00;&#x9636;&#x516C;&#x5F0F; r1 &#x548C; r2&#xFF0C;LGG &#x5148;&#x627E;&#x51FA;&#x6D89;&#x53CA;&#x76F8;&#x540C;&#x8C13;&#x8BCD;&#x7684;&#x6587;&#x5B57;&#xFF0C;&#x7136;&#x540E;&#x5BF9;&#x6587;&#x5B57;&#x4E2D;&#x6BCF;&#x4E2A;&#x4F4D;&#x7F6E;&#x7684;&#x5E38;&#x91CF;&#x9010;&#x4E00;&#x8FDB;&#x884C;&#x8003;&#x5BDF;&#xFF0C;&#x82E5;&#x5E38;&#x91CF;&#x5728;&#x4E24;&#x4E2A;&#x6587;&#x5B57;&#x4E2D;&#x76F8;&#x540C;&#x5219;&#x4FDD;&#x6301;&#x4E0D;&#x53D8;&#xFF0C;&#x8BB0;&#x4E3A; LGG(t,t)=t&#xFF1B;&#x5426;&#x5219;&#x5C06;&#x4ED6;&#x4EEC;&#x66FF;&#x6362;&#x4E3A;&#x540C;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x65B0;&#x53D8;&#x91CF;&#xFF0C;&#x5E76;&#x5C06;&#x8BE5;&#x66FF;&#x6362;&#x5E94;&#x7528;&#x4E8E;&#x516C;&#x5F0F;&#x7684;&#x6240;&#x6709;&#x5176;&#x4ED6;&#x4F4D;&#x7F6E;&#xFF1A;&#x5047;&#x5B9A;&#x8FD9;&#x4E24;&#x4E2A;&#x4E0D;&#x540C;&#x7684;&#x5E38;&#x91CF;&#x5206;&#x522B;&#x4E3A; s,t&#xFF0C;&#x65B0;&#x53D8;&#x91CF;&#x4E3A; V&#xFF0C;&#x5219;&#x8BB0;&#x4E3A; LGG(s,t) = V&#xFF0C;&#x5E76;&#x5728;&#x4EE5;&#x540E;&#x6240;&#x6709;&#x51FA;&#x73B0; LGG(s,t) &#x7684;&#x4F4D;&#x7F6E;&#x7528; V &#x6765;&#x4EE3;&#x66FF;&#x3002;</p>
</li>
<li><p>Page359: &#x5F52;&#x7EB3;&#xFF08;induction&#xFF09;</p>
<p>&#x5F52;&#x7EB3;&#x662F;&#x4ECE;&#x4E2A;&#x522B;&#x4E8B;&#x7269;&#x51FA;&#x53D1;&#x6982;&#x62EC;&#x51FA;&#x4E00;&#x822C;&#x89C4;&#x5F8B;&#x6027;&#x3002;&#x673A;&#x5668;&#x5B66;&#x4E60;&#x5C5E;&#x4E8E;&#x5F52;&#x7EB3;&#x7684;&#x8303;&#x7574;&#x3002;</p>
</li>
<li><p>Page359: &#x9006;&#x5F52;&#x7ED3;</p>
<p>&#x5047;&#x8BBE;&#x4E24;&#x4E2A;&#x903B;&#x8F91;&#x8868;&#x8FBE;&#x5F0F; C1 &#x548C; C2 &#x6210;&#x7ACB;&#xFF0C;&#x4E14;&#x5206;&#x522B;&#x5305;&#x542B;&#x4E86;&#x4E92;&#x8865;&#x9879; L1 &#x4E0E; L2&#xFF1B;&#x4E0D;&#x5931;&#x4E00;&#x822C;&#x6027;&#xFF0C;&#x4EE4; L = L1 = &#xFFE2;L2&#xFF0C;C1 = A &#x2228; L&#xFF0C;C2 = B &#x2228; &#xFFE2;L&#x3002;&#x5F52;&#x7ED3;&#x539F;&#x7406;&#x662F;&#x901A;&#x8FC7;&#x6F14;&#x7ECE;&#x63A8;&#x7406;&#x6D88;&#x53BB; L &#x800C;&#x5F97;&#x5230; &#x201C;&#x5F52;&#x7ED3;&#x9879;&#x201D; C = A &#x2228; B&#x3002; &#x800C;&#x9006;&#x5F52;&#x7ED3;&#x4E0E;&#x4E0A;&#x9762;&#x8FC7;&#x7A0B;&#x76F8;&#x53CD;&#xFF0C;&#x5B83;&#x7814;&#x7A76;&#x7684;&#x662F;&#x5728;&#x5DF2;&#x77E5; C &#x548C;&#x67D0;&#x4E2A; Ci &#x7684;&#x60C5;&#x51B5;&#x4E0B;&#x5982;&#x4F55;&#x5F97;&#x5230; Cj&#x3002; &#x57FA;&#x4E8E;&#x9006;&#x5F52;&#x7ED3;&#xFF0C;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x53EF;&#x57FA;&#x4E8E;&#x80CC;&#x666F;&#x77E5;&#x8BC6;&#x6765;&#x53D1;&#x660E;&#x65B0;&#x7684;&#x6982;&#x5FF5;&#x548C;&#x5173;&#x7CFB;&#x3002; &#x5728;&#x903B;&#x8F91;&#x63A8;&#x7406;&#x5B9E;&#x8DF5;&#x4E2D;&#xFF0C;&#x6709;&#x56DB;&#x79CD;&#x5B8C;&#x5907;&#x7684;&#x9006;&#x5F52;&#x7ED3;&#x64CD;&#x4F5C;&#xFF1A;&#x5438;&#x6536;&#xFF08;absorption&#xFF09;&#x3001;&#x8FA8;&#x8BC6;&#xFF08;identification&#xFF09;&#x3001;&#x5185;&#x6784;&#xFF08;intra-construction&#xFF09;&#x3001;&#x4E92;&#x6784;&#xFF08;inter-construction&#xFF09;&#x3002;</p>
</li>
<li><p>Page359: &#x6F14;&#x7ECE;&#xFF08;deduction&#xFF09;</p>
<p>&#x6F14;&#x7ECE;&#x662F;&#x4ECE;&#x4E00;&#x822C;&#x6027;&#x89C4;&#x5F8B;&#x51FA;&#x53D1;&#x6765;&#x63A2;&#x8BA8;&#x5177;&#x4F53;&#x4E8B;&#x7269;&#x3002;</p>
</li>
<li><p>Page361: &#x7F6E;&#x6362;&#xFF08;substitution&#xFF09;</p>
<p>&#x7F6E;&#x6362;&#xFF08;substitution&#xFF09;&#x662F;&#x7528;&#x67D0;&#x4E9B;&#x9879;&#x6765;&#x66FF;&#x6362;&#x903B;&#x8F91;&#x8868;&#x8FBE;&#x5F0F;&#x4E2D;&#x7684;&#x53D8;&#x91CF;&#x3002;</p>
</li>
<li><p>Page361: &#x5408;&#x4E00;&#xFF08;unification&#xFF09;</p>
<p>&#x5408;&#x4E00;&#xFF08;unification&#xFF09;&#x662F;&#x7528;&#x4E00;&#x79CD;&#x53D8;&#x91CF;&#x7F6E;&#x6362;&#x4EE4;&#x4E24;&#x4E2A;&#x6216;&#x591A;&#x4E2A;&#x903B;&#x8F91;&#x8868;&#x8FBE;&#x5F0F;&#x76F8;&#x7B49;&#x3002;</p>
</li>
<li><p>Page361: &#x6700;&#x4E00;&#x822C;&#x5408;&#x4E00;&#x7F6E;&#x6362;&#xFF08;most general unifer&#xFF0C;&#x7B80;&#x79F0; MGU)</p>
<p>&#x82E5; &#x3B4; &#x662F;&#x4E00;&#x7EC4;&#x4E00;&#x9636;&#x903B;&#x8F91;&#x8868;&#x8FBE;&#x5F0F; W &#x7684;&#x5408;&#x4E00;&#x5316;&#x5B50;&#xFF0C;&#x4E14;&#x5BF9; W &#x7684;&#x4EFB;&#x610F;&#x5408;&#x4E00;&#x5316;&#x5B50; &#x3B8; &#x5747;&#x5B58;&#x5728;&#x76F8;&#x5E94;&#x7684;&#x7F6E;&#x6362; &#x3BB; &#x4F7F; &#x3B8; = &#x3B4; o &#x3BB;&#xFF0C;&#x5219;&#x79F0; &#x3B4; &#x4E3A; W &#x7684; &#x201C;&#x6700;&#x4E00;&#x822C;&#x5408;&#x4E00;&#x7F6E;&#x6362;&#x201D; &#x6216; &#x201C;&#x6700;&#x4E00;&#x822C;&#x5408;&#x4E00;&#x5316;&#x5B50;&#x201D;&#x3002;</p>
</li>
<li><p>Page362: &#x5F52;&#x7ED3;&#x5546;&#xFF08;resolution quotient&#xFF09;</p>
<p>&#x9006;&#x5F52;&#x7ED3;&#x4E2D;&#xFF0C;&#x5DF2;&#x77E5; C &#x548C;&#x67D0;&#x4E2A; Ci&#xFF0C;&#x5219; Cj = C/Ci &#x79F0;&#x4E3A; &#x201C;&#x5F52;&#x7ED3;&#x5546;&#x201D;&#x3002;</p>
</li>
<li><p>Page363: &#x5173;&#x7CFB;&#x5B66;&#x4E60;</p>
<p>&#x5173;&#x7CFB;&#x5B66;&#x4E60;&#x662F;&#x6307;&#x5B66;&#x4E60;&#x5BF9;&#x6982;&#x5FF5;&#x7684;&#x7F51;&#x7EDC;&#x5F0F;&#x63CF;&#x8FF0;&#x3002;</p>
</li>
<li><p>Page364: &#x7EDF;&#x8BA1;&#x5173;&#x7CFB;&#x5B66;&#x4E60;&#xFF08;statistical relational learning&#xFF09;</p>
<p>&#x5C06;&#x5173;&#x7CFB;&#x5B66;&#x4E60;&#x4E0E;&#x7EDF;&#x8BA1;&#x5B66;&#x4E60;&#x76F8;&#x7ED3;&#x5408;&#xFF0C;&#x5982;&#x6982;&#x7387;&#x5F52;&#x7EB3;&#x903B;&#x8F91;&#x7A0B;&#x5E8F;&#x8BBE;&#x8BA1;&#x3001;&#x6982;&#x7387;&#x5173;&#x7CFB;&#x6A21;&#x578B;&#x3001;&#x8D1D;&#x53F6;&#x65AF;&#x903B;&#x8F91;&#x7A0B;&#x5E8F;&#x3001;&#x9A6C;&#x5C14;&#x79D1;&#x592B;&#x903B;&#x8F91;&#x7F51;&#x7B49;&#x7EDF;&#x79F0;&#x4E3A; &#x201C;&#x7EDF;&#x8BA1;&#x5173;&#x7CFB;&#x5B66;&#x4E60;&#x201D;&#x3002;</p>
</li>
</ul>

                                
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